Tool-controlling mechanism for gear-planers



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. E. GLEASON. TOOL CONTROLLING MECHANISM FOR GEAR PLANERS.

No. 509,467. Patented Nov. 28, 1893.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2 (No Model.)

J, E. GLEASON.- TOOL CONTROLLING MECHANISM PER GEAR PLANERS.

No. 509,467. Patented"Nov. 28; 1893.

Uwrrnn States PATENT @FFrcE.

JAMES E. GLEASON, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

TOOL-CONTROLLING MECHANISM FOR GEAR-PLANERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 509,467. dated November28, 1893.

Application filed March 1'7,I 1893. $en'al No. 466-499- (No model-l Toall whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES E. GLEASON, of Rochester, in the county ofMonroe and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Tool-Controlling Mechanism for Gear-Planers, which improvement isfully set forth in the following specification and shown in theaccompanying drawings.

My invention relates to a machine for forming the teeth of metal gearsby means of planing, and the object of the invention is to provide newand improved means for adjusting, shifting and controlling the cuttingtool of such a machine whereby the rate at which the work is done ismaterially increased and much time saved.

The invention is hereinafter fully described and more particularlypointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a plan of a gear-planing machineto which my improvements are applied, parts being broken away and otherparts shown in two positions by full and dotted lines. Fig. 2 is a planof the tool-stock with associated parts. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of aportion of the tangential arm showing a shifter for the tool-stock. Fig.4 is a sectional elevation taken on the dotted line 4 4 in Fig. l andviewed as indicated by the arrow pointed thereon, parts being brokenaway. Fig. 5 is an end view of the tangential arm seen as indicated byarrow 5 in Figs. 1 and 4. Fig. 6 is a plan of the carrying-head for thetool-stock. Fig. 7 is a cross-section on the dotted line 7 7 in Fig. 6and viewed as indicated by the arrow pointed thereon, showing thedetent. Fig. 8 is a view of the detent seen as indicated by arrow 8 inFig. 7. Fig. 9 is a side sectional elevation of a shifter for thetool-stock, sectioned on the dotted line 9 9 inFig. 3, and seen asindicated by the arrow pointed thereon. Figs. 2, 3, 7, 8 and 9 are drawnto various scales larger than that of the scale of the remainingfigures.

Referring to the parts shown, A is the main frame of the gear planer,upon which is mounted a head-stock, B, Fig.1, carrying a horizontalspindle, O, to which is secured the gear D, to be cut.

E is a screw for moving the head-stock longitudinally upon the frame,and F is a worm gear rigid with the spindle G, which is actuated by atransverse shaft, G, provided with a worm to co-act with the worm gearfor indexin g the gear D in the usual manner. All these parts are commonto this class of machinery, and in Fig. 1 are shown only in out line.

H, Figs. 1 and 4, isasemi-circular base piece secured rigidly to theframe at one end, upon which is mounted the swinging turret I, whichcarries, mainly, the operating parts of the machine. The base of theturret or part contiguous with the base piece H, is provided with acircular centering piece or hub a, Fig. 4, passing downward through anopening at thecenter of the base piece, which forms a center bearingupon which the turret with its incumbent parts, turns.

K is a tangential arm adapted to turn vertically upon a horizontalpintle, I), held by the turret, the axisof the pintle intersecting atright-angles the axis of motions of the turret upon the base piece H,and also intersecting. the axis of the spindle C. This tangential arm isformed with a dove-tailed longitudinal race, 0, in which is fitted areciprocating slide, cl, for carrying the tool-stock and tool. The slide(1 is reciprocated by the following means: 6 is a vertical shaft passingthrough the hub a of the turret and resting at its lower end in abearing in the frame A, Fig. 4. This shaft is provided with a bevelgear, f, which is turned by means of a horizontal driving shaft, Fig. 1,provided with a bevel pinion at its inner end to engage the gear, andcone pulleys, L, outside the frame, a manner which is common. The upperend of the shaft e is provided with a spur pinion, h, which, by means ofan intermediate i, turns a gear 70, having at its upper end a bevelpinion Z, both turning on a vertical stud on rigid in the base of theturret. A short horizontal shaft n, is held in a bearing 0, rigid withthe turret and provided with a bevel gear 1', co-acting with 5 thepinion Z. Rigid with the gear '2' is a slotted crank-arm, t, whichcarries a stud, a, provided with a clamping handle, 1), this combinationof parts being common in machineryof this class. The stud u holds oneend of acou- IOO necting rod 20, the other end of which is attached tothe slide (1. By these means the revolving of the cone pulleys Lreciprocates the slide d, and by locating the axis of the shaft in thesame horizontal plane with the point of attachment of the end of thepitman with the slide (1, the opposite end of the pitman is but slightlyout of a direct line with the point of attachment with the slide, evenwhen at the extreme outer end of the crank arm 6, and therefore itexerts a substantially direct pull or push upon the slide whichever waythe tool is moving.

By operating the machine so that the top of the gear r will move to theright in Fig. 1, when the to ol is moving outward, the pressure from thepitman will come obliquely downward upon the slide which will press thearm K down onto its rest or support instead of raising it 0% it, as hasbeen the case with machines heretofore constructed in which the entirepitman was below its point of attachment with the slide, at all times.

When the tool moves in the opposite direction the pitman has passedbelow the shaft '21, and the drawing motion of it is exertedin adownward direction which will hold the arm K upon its seat. In thismanner the tool may be made to cut when moving in both directions whilethe arm K is retained upon its seat and is permitted to have a slightvertical movement when following the contour of the conformator ingiving the proper shape or curve to the face of the tooth. By locatingthe shaft 'n, eccentrically to the shaft 6, and connecting them by atrain of gearing, the slide d and the gear D can be located very closeto the end of the machine, and yet there will be plenty of room for themovement of the pitman, which can thus be made long enough to preventtoo great an inclina tion of it when the end of it is secured to theextreme outer end of the crank arm t in making a long stroke.

A carrying-head as, shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5, is secured to theslide 61 by clamping bolts y, upon which head is mounted a swivel orshiftable tool-stock z. The tool-stock rests in a rectangular cavity a,in the upper side of the carrying-head and it is provided with a spindleb, reaching vertically down through the head, (see Figs. 4 and 6,) bymeans of which it is enabled to turn horizontally in the head. Thecavity a is slightly larger than the base of the tool-stock, whichadmits of the shifting of the latter and at the same time limits thedistance through which it may turn. The tool-stock is made hollow orformed with a horizontal rectangular cavity in which a core-block c, isfitted to slide. Within the core-block the cutting tool, d, is inserted,it being snugly fitted therein but longitudinally adjustable, andremovable therefrom. The tool is held rigidly in place by a verticalset-screw e, threaded in the core-block. The tool-stock is formed with aremovable cap f, over the core-block, which cap is slotted, at

g, to avoid the screw 6' and allow of a'longitudinal motion of thecore-block. The coreblock is controlled as to its longitudinal motionsby a horizontal screw h, Fig. 2, passing through a lateral projection ofthe core-block and threaded in-the body of the tool-stock. A set-nut,1', upon the screw and pressing against the core block, serves to holdthe screw and the core-block securely in the different positions ofadjustment of the latter.

This improvement of gear planers contemplates among other things thecutting both ways of the tool, whether roughing out the work orfinishing the faces of the teeth.

The tools employed with this machine are of various forms according tothe work they are required to do. The one, 01, shown in the drawings isa roughing tool designed to cut channels through the face of the blankgear that ultimately become the spaces between the finished teeth. Asclearly shown in Fig. 2 the toolhas two cutting faces or edges 19 19,one at the right and one at the left, which are in all respects alikebut are turned in opposite directions. This being the nature of the toolthe latter is adapted to cutin both directions, that is to say, it isadapted to cut one way and then the other as it is reciprocated acrossthe face of the blank-gear; but to cut in the different directions thetool has to be slightly swung or shifted in a horizontal plane so as tocause the edge that is to do the cutting in any given operation, to

' project beyond the other edge so thatthe latter shall not drag. Toeffect this the tool-stock is constructed to have a swivel motion, asabove described. To shift the tool-stock and tool one way or the otherfor this purpose, I employ two movable or adjustable shifters Z0 Figs.2, 3 and 9, occupying a longitudinal groove Z, formed in the tangentialarm, and adapted to be made fast to the latter. These shifters are eachprovided with a buffing bolt 01. adapted to slide longitudinallyin thehead of the shifter. The bolt is much longer than the head of theshifter and provided with a buffing spring 5 under its head, bearingagainst the head of the shifter. At its opposite end the bolt isprovided with jam-nuts 0 which prevent the bolt from being thrown out ofthe head of the shifter by the spring which pushes against the undersurface of the head of the bolt. By means of the jam-nuts any desiredtension may be given to the spring. The function of the spring is togive to the bolt yielding pressure against the tool-stock when struck bythe latter. The shifters are placed so that their heads stand in the wayof the tool-stock as the latter is reciprocated by the connecting rod w,and are placed respectively so that the tool-stock will encounter one ofthem at each end of its stroke and thus be turned upon its spindle b.That is to say, regarding Fig. 2, when the carrying-head at, with thetool-stock, is carried to the left the tool-stock will encounter theleft-hand shifter and be thrown to the position shown in said figure. Inthis position the tool is adapted to cut when moved toward the right.This position is also shown in full lines in Fig. 1. When the tool hascompleted its stroke or trip to the right the tool-stock will encounterthe right-hand shifter and be thrown to the position shown by dottedlines in Fig. 1. It is then in position to cut when moved toward theleft. Thus the tool is shifted one way and the other alternately assuccessive cuts are taken across the face of the blank gear, and theamount of the work done by the machine in any given time is practicallydoubled. In these shiftings of the tool-stock it encounters the rigidside walls of the cavity a, which form stops for its motions. It isunderstood, of course, that the tool is fed forward toward its work asthe cutting proceeds. Care is taken in setting the tool to have thelines of the motions of its cutting point always radial with the conecenter or the apex of the cone of the gear, which is the point where theaxes of the spindle O, the shaft 6, and the pintle I), meet in common.

The feeding of the tool is done by swinging the tangential arm, with thetool-carrying mechanism and the turret with all of its incumbent parts,upon the hub a, as above de scribed, which is effected by the followingmeans: .9, Figs. 1 and 4, is a spur gear rigid with the shaft 71, whichengages a pinion or, held upon a shaft resting in the bearing or hanger0, or held by some other convenient means. Secured to this latter shaftand adjacent to the pinion, is a slotted crank arm m, similar to thecrank arm t. A shiftable stud 0',seoured to the crank arm m, holds afeed rod 13' which is caused to reciprocate as the crank arm revolves.Now, regarding Figs. 1 and 5, r is a hanger secured transversely to theunder side by the arm K, which carries a feed screw s. This screw isprovided with a ratchet t,- and pawlu,adj ustablysecured to the feedrod, is employed to turn the ratchet and the feed screw intermittinglyas the feed rod is reciprocated. A disk '0', is provided to turn freelyon the feed screw, the function of which is to hold a pivot 20, uponwhich the pawl turns. These parts thus combined are common in this classof machinery. The hanger r is formed with a longitudinal slot in which anut 00', for the feed screw is adapted to slide. This nut is connectedindirectly, by means of a bracket 1 and block 2, with the circularportion of the frame A, Fig. 1, beneath the tangential arm. By turningthe feed screw one way or the other the tangential arm will be slightlyswung toward or from the blank gear and thus cause the cutting tool tobe fed toward the blank or be withdrawn therefrom as the case may be. Itwill be observed that the pinion n is one-half the diameter of the gear8, Fig. 1, so that there are two feed motions made for the tool to eachrevolution of the crank arm t. This causes the tool to be fed forwardeach time it passes across the blank gear. The feeding device isarranged bolt to keep thelatter from turning.

to feed the tool forward immediately after it clears the blank at eachend of its stroke.

The tool is adjusted vertically by means of a headed screw (1 Fig. 4,engaging the lower end of the spindle b of the tool-stock. The head, 6of this screw occupies a concentric cavity in the end of the spindle, asshown, a thimble f 2 being threaded into the cavity to bear against theunder side of said head. The screw is threaded in a cap plate 9 securedrigidly to the carrying head. By turning the screw one way or the otherthe tool post withthe tool will be moved upward or downward. This-screwand the screw h, Fig. 1, above referred to, enable the operator toadjust the tool so that its cutting edge will move in lines radial withthe cone center, as above described.

It is sometimes desirable to have a detent for the tool-stock to holdthe latter in place each time after being shifted as above described,and before the tool commences to cut. The detent may be made in' theform shown in Figs. 6 and 7 in which a bolt 72- formed with a V-head, isinserted vertically in acavity in the carrying-head at. A circularplate, 6 Fig. 8, is let flush into the carrying head beneath thetool-stock, which has a square opening to receive the square head of theA spiral spring Z is placed upon the bolt to urge it upward, and asimple stop-pin n projecting from the bolt into a slot in the plate,prevents the bolt from being thrown out by the spring. The head of thebolt co-acts with a reversed hardened V-piece k rigid in the tool-stock.When the tool-stock is shifted from side to side, as above described,the V-piece k pushes the bolt down as it passes over it; and when theV-piece has passed, the bolt presses upward against the other side ofthe V-piece and so holds the tool-stock with moderate firmness in eitherposition to which it may be thrown by the shifters. Space is left bothsides of the V-piece to avoid the head of the bolt; and the two Vs arearranged to lap by each other sufficiently to operate equally well incase the tool-stock be moderately lifted ed the carrying head by thescrew d in adjusting the tool to place.

A copying form for the tooth is used in this machine, shown in dottedlines in Fig. 5, a rider r being employed with the form. The gear cutmay be a blank casting, or one in which the teeth are cast in form,needing only to be planed over by the machine.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. In a gear cutter, in combination, abed plate, one end of which is provided with a semi-circular base piece,the center of which is provided with an opening, a turret upon the basepiece, the base of which is provided with a hollow hub which projectsthrough the opening in the semi-circular base piece,a shaft through thehollow hub, an arm pivotally secured upon the turret, a reciprocatorytool holder upon the arm, a shaft journaled in the turret eccentric tothe axis of the hub and connected with the tool holder and a train ofgearing to connect said shaft with the shaft through the hub, and meansfor holding the gear being operated upon, and for feeding the toolforward at each stroke of the pitman, substantially as set forth.

2. In a gear cutter, in combination, a bed plate, a swinging turretsecured thereto, a tangential arm pivotally secured to the turret, areciprocatory tool holder on the arm, a shaft journaled in a plane aboveand parallel with the base of the turret, one end of which is providedwith a crank arm, a pitman for connecting the crank arm with thetoolholder, and means for holding the gear being operated upon, and forfeeding the tool forward at each stroke of the pitman, substantially asset forth.

3. In a gear cutter, in combination, a bed plate, a swinging turretsecured thereto, an arm upon the turret, a reciprocatory head, the upperside of which is provided with a cavity, a hollow tool stock pivotallysecured in the cavity, a core block adj ustably secured within the toolstock and adapted to carry the operating tool, and means for holding thegear being operated upon and for. reciprocating the head, substantiallyas set forth.

4. In a gear cutter, in combination, a bed plate, a turretsecuredthereto, an arm upon the turret, a reciprocatory carrying head upon thearm, the upper side of which is provided with a cavity, a hollow toolstock provided with a spindle pivotally secured in the cavity, a capplate below the end of the spindle, a screw through the plate to bearagainst the end of the spindle and adjust the tool, and means forholding the gear being operated upon and for reciprocating the toolholder, substantially as set forth.

5. In a gear cutter, in combination, a bed plate, adapted to hold thegear being operated, and provided with a swinging turret, an arm uponthe turret, a tool holder upon the arm, a core block provided with alateral projection, a screw through the projection and engaging with thebody of the tool holder, a slotted cap upon the tool holder, a screwthrough the slot in the cap, and means for reciprocating the toolholder, substantially as set forth.

6. In a gear cutter, in combination, a bed plateadapted to hold thegearbeing operated upon, and provided with a swinging turret, an armupon the turret, a carrying head upon the arm provided with a recess, aspring actuated detent in the recess, a plate for holding the detentwithits head above the surface of the carrying head, a tool stock pivotallysecured to the carrying head and having its under surface provided witha V shaped piece adapted to be engaged by the detent, and means forreciprocating the head, and for swinging the tool stock upon its pivot,substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand, this 11th day of March,1893, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES E. GLEASON.

Witnesses:

ENos B. WHITMORE, M. L. WINSTON.

